Every number here is a working estimate to check with your building authority. Whoever prints this page takes responsibility for what is in it.
Joists and spans
Size, spacing and span. 8 lessons.
Deeper joists span farther. Change it. Pick a joist deep enough for this span. 
Closer joists buy span. Change it. Push the joists apart until the span table refuses. 
Incised lumber spans less. Side by side. Read the span for these joists from the right column. 
Species changes the span. Side by side. Read the span for this species from the right column. 
A 2x8 rim for guard posts. Click the fault. Click the part too shallow to hold a guard post, then change it. 
Where a joist cannot be cut. Click the fault. Click each cut that weakens this joist, then fix them. 
Hangers need their own fasteners. Click the fault. Click what is wrong in this hanger, then fix it. 
What blocking is for. Click the fault. Click the weak spot behind the guard posts, then fix it.